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Elite Institutions
Sharī'a and Islamic legislation
• The appointment of ʿUthmān to caliph and how his alleged nepotism caused rippleeffects that lasted into the ʿAbbāsid period
and lastly
Opposition from the Ulema to Abdulhamid II
The Ottoman Period Part 1 of 3: The Emergence of the Ottoman Empire (Fall 2023) Elite InstitutionsThe early Ottoman beylic (principality) emerged in a world of competing regional powers. The region had seen the emergence of the Seljuks and Mamluks, the Crusades, and the devastating Mongol invasions that destroyed much of the Muslim power structures. Constantinople was still under the authority of the Eastern Roman Empire, and the Balkans, known as Rumeli in Ottoman, was predominantly a configuration of Christian states constantly competing. It was
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